Sunday 30 January 2011

APPSC Group-1 Mains syllabus

Group 1 Mains syllabus.
PAPER-I

GENERAL ESSAY MARKS: 150
Candidate should write three Essays one from each section compulsorily.

Each section contains three topics.
Each Essay carries 50 marks.
SECTION-I
- Crisis management , Social problems, Analysis and solutions.
SECTION-II - Current events of national and international importance.
SECTION -III - Current events relating to State of Andhra Pradesh.

                                                            PAPER-II MARKS: 150
                                                                     SECTION-I
HISTORY AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF INDIA WITH EMPHASIS ON 20TH CENTURY HISTORY OF INDIA


1.Indus Civilization – Vedic Civilization – Distinction between Indus Civilisation and Vedic Civilisation –
Evolution of Varna, Jathi/caste system – Religious condition – Emergence of Religious Movements (Jainism,
Buddhism and other sects) – Rise of Magadha Imperialism – Rise of Mahayana and Development of Art (Gandhara, Mathura and other Schools).

2. Advent of Islam and its impact – Influence of Islam on Indian Culture – Religious Movements – Nature and significance of Bhakti Movements – Growth of vernacular languages, literature, fine arts, architecture, monuments, Indo-Persian art and architecture - Vijayanagara empire and their contribution to art, literature and culture – socio-economic conditions, administration, fall of Vijayanagar empire – the Great Moghals and their contribution to Indian Fine Art, Architecture and Fine Arts – Rise of Shivaji.

3.Stages of colonialism – changes in administrative structure and politics – factors leading for the British
supremacy, assistance of Indian Powers and the causes of failures – Civil rebellions – Revolt of 1857 and its
impact – Rise of nationalist consciousness and factors for the growth of Indian Nationalism and Freedom Struggle :

Three Phases :1885-1905, 1905-1920, 1920-47 and significance of Gandhian Era.

4.Rise and growth of Socio-Religious-cultural – anti-caste, Dalit and non-Brahmin, Justice/self-respect movements in modern India – Social reform organisations and role of intellectuals – Raja Ram Mohan Roy - Dayanand Saraswathi - Jyotiba Phule - Narayana Guru - Mahathma Gandhi - Ambedkar and others.

5.Nationalist Literature – growth of peasant and labour movements – role of leftist parties in anti-feudal and anti-colonial struggles-rise and growth of Women’s movements – origin and growth of communalism – workers and peasant movements –freedom and partition of India; important historical events after independence.

                                                                        SECTION-II
                        SOCIAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY OF ANDHRA PRADESH



2.Socio- Cultural and Religious conditions in Andhra Desha between 1000 AD – 1565 AD Growth of Telugu Language and Literature – Nannaya- Molla etc., fine arts and architecture – Monuments – Significance – Contribution of Qutubshahis to Telugu language and Literature – Art- Architecture- Monuments.

3.Modern Andhra - Socio-cultural awakening in Andhra – Brahma Samaj, Arya Samaj, Theosohica society – Adi-Andhra, Movements and role of Veereshalingam and others – Non-Brahmin, Adi- Andhra /Dalit and Justice/self – respect movements – Gurram Joshuva – Boyi Bheemanna – Sri Sri and others – Growth of Nationalist Movement in Andhra and the Andhra Leaders during the Freedom Struggle – Role of socialists – communists – anti-zamindari-kisan movements.

4.Asafjahi Dynasty – socio-cultural awakening in Telangana -Adi-Hindu Movement – Nizam Rashtra Janasangham – Andhra Mahasabha – Andhra Saaraswata Parishat – The role of Hyderabad State Congress and Vandemataram Movement.

5.Telangana People’s Armed Struggle – Ittehadul-Muslimeen – Razakars-anti-Nizam Struggles and end of Nizam’s Rule and integration of Hyderabad State in Indian Union – Formation of Andhra Pradesh.

                                                        SECTION-III
                        GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION
1.Nature of the Constitution – constitutional developments –salient features – Preamble – Fundamental Rights , Directive Principles of State Policy and their relationship - Fundamental Duties, Distinctive features of Indian Federation.

2.Distribution of Legislative Powers between the Union and the State ; Administrative and Financial relations between the Union and the States – Powers and the functions of Constitutional Bodies.

3.Unicameral and Bicameral Legislatures – Functions and crises of accountability, decline of legislature -
Delegated Legislation – Legislative and Judicial control over the delegated legislation – Judicial review of
administrative action.

4. Amendment of the Constitution – Basic Structure Theory – Emergency Provisions and De-centralisation – Community development experiment – 3 tier model of Panchayat Raj – 73rd and 74th amendments and their implementation.

5.Welfare Mechanism in India : Provisions for scheduled castes, Tribes and Minorities ; Reservations for SC, ST and Backward classes ; Prevention of SC and ST Atrocities Act ; National and State SC and ST Commission ; Women’s Commission ; National and State Minorities Commission and Human Rights Commission.
                                                            PAPER-III MARKS: 150
                                                                      SECTION-I
                                        PLANNING IN INDIA & INDIAN ECONOMY


1.National and per capita income and human development - Sectoral changes in the Indian Economy(GDP and work force).

2.Indian Planning – Objectives, priorities, specific aims of the recent 5 year plan-- experience and problems.
Changes in the role of public-Private Sectors and their shares in the total plan outlay before and after economic reforms.

3.Poverty and unemployment problems-- magnitude and measures initiated to ameliorate them.

4.Monetary policy – Structure of Indian Banking and non-banking financial institutions and reforms in them since the 1990s—regulation of credit by RBI.

5.Pattern of revenue, expenditure and public debt and effects on the economy.

                                                             SECTION-II
   LAND REFORMS & SOCIAL CHANGES IN A.P. AFTER INDEPENDENCE



2.Structure of the Andhra Pradesh economy - its sectoral  and regional distribution and the extent of poverty.    Agricultural inputs and technology.

3.Demographic features and social backwardness, literacy and occupation structure; changes in the sectoral
distribution of income and employment. Socio-political and economic empowerment of women.

4.State finances and budgetary policy – tax structure, sharing central taxes, expenditure pattern in revenue and capital account as well as plan and non-plan accounts. Public debt – composition - internal and external debt including World Bank loans.

5.Five year plans of AP – Outlays, financing public sector plan and resource allocation pattern in the recent 5 year plan.

                                                                   SECTION –III
ANDHRA PRADESH’S ECONOMY, PRESENT STATUS, ITS STRENGTHS AND
WEAKNESSES



2.Structure of agricultural outputs. Administrated prices including support and procurement prices - Public
Distribution System in Andhra Pradesh.

3.Regional disparities in income, industrial output, rainfall, irrigation, health and education in AP.

4.Institutional and non-institutional sources of rural credit in AP - structure and growth - cooperatives and
their share in total credit - adequacy and problems.

5.Service Sector of AP – Importance, composition and growth with special reference to transport and communication, tourism and information technology.


                                                                 PAPER-IV MARKS: 150
                                                                             SECTION-I
ROLE AND IMPACT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA:



UNIT 2: Space program in India and its applications with special reference to industrial, agricultural and other rural developmental activities, INSAT and IRS systems.

UNIT 3: Role of Information Technology in Rural India, basics of computers, computers in communication and broadcasting, software development in economic growth. Broad IT applications.

UNIT 4: Energy Resources : Energy demands, renewable energy resources, nuclear energy, the development and its utilization in the country.

UNIT 5: Current Science & Technology Developments in India, Climate change, Disaster Management (Floods, Cyclones and Tsunami ); Crop science in India, Fertilizers, Control of pests and diseases – scenario in India ; Drinking water and supply, urbanization and industrial development.

                                                                      SECTION-II
GENERAL AWARENESS WITH THE MODERN TRENDS IN LIFE SCIENCES



UNIT 2: Plants and human affairs, characteristics of plants, usefulness for mankind, origin of agriculture,
useful and harmful plants. Introduction to animals, Domestic and wild animals, usefulness of animals for
mankind, Exploitation of animals by man for food and medical advancements.

UNIT 3: Introduction to and applications of Genetic Engineering & Stem Cell Research: Basic concepts (the basic process of genetic engineering) – Biotechnology in  agriculture (Bio-fertilizers, Bio-pesticides, Bio-fuels, Genetically modified crops, Tissue culture) animal husbandry(transgenic animals- applications) and environment(Biotechnology in Environmental clean up processes).

UNIT 4: Microbial infections ; Common present day infections and preventive measures. Introduction to
bacterial, viral, protozoa and fungal infections. Basic knowledge of infections caused by different groups of micro organisms – diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, tuberculosis, malaria, viral infections like HIV, encephalitis,
chikungunya, bird flu – preventive measures during out breaks.

UNIT 5: Vaccines : Introduction to immunity, Fundamental concepts in vaccination and traditional methods of vaccine production ( production of DPT and Rabies vaccine), Production of Modern Vaccines (production of Hepatitis vaccine), Applications of immunological methods in diagnosis.

                                                                 SECTION-III
                                 DEVELOPMENT & ENVIRONMENT PROBLEMS:



UNIT 2: Natural Resources : Forest Resources – Types of Forests, Uses of Forests. Water Resources- Types of Dams, Drought Occurrences and Floods, Land Resources: Soils and Cropping patterns, Mineral resources.

UNIT 3: Eco-Systems and Bio-diversity: Terminology of Ecology, Basic Concepts of Ecology, concept of an Ecosystem, Food Chains in Eco systems, Types of Eco systems. Biodiversity and its conservation : Types of biodiversity, Hotspots of Biodiversity, threats to diversity.

UNIT 4: Environment Pollution and Solid Waste Management:
Air Pollution, water pollution, Soil Pollution, Noise pollution. Solid Waste Management: Types of Solid waste, Factors affecting the solid waste generation, Impact of solid wastes, Recycling and reuse.

UNIT 5: Role of Information Technology in Environment and Human Health. Global Environmental Issues like Climate Change, Acid Rain, Global warming, Wasteland Reclamation, Watershed management, watershed approach for sustainable development.


                                            PAPER-V MARKS: 150
                 DATA INTERPRETATION AND PROBLEM SOLVING



2.Drawing conclusions from the data present in tabular, graphical and diagrammatical forms and to point out
deficiencies, limitations or inconsistencies therein.

3.Problem solving using the following:

a)Sequences and Series : Analogies of numbers and alphabets, completion of blank spaces in a:b::c:d, odd
thing out, missing number in a sequence or series.

b)Coding and decoding problems : A given word or group of letters in English are to be coded or decoded based on the given code(s).

c)Date, time and arrangement problems : Calender and clock problems, blood relationship and seating arrangements.

d)Passage Analysis : A duly structured situation will be presented to the candidates and they will be asked to
analyse and suggest their own solution to the problem arising out of situation. Alternatively, they may be
called upon to prove the understanding of the situation by answering certain searching questions based on the situation.
1.Data appreciation and interpretation using ratios, percentages and averages.
UNIT 1: Environmental Segments, Promoting Environmental Protection, The Environment (Protection) Act, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, Water (Prevention and control of pollution) Act, Water pollution Cess Act, Forest conservation Act, Environmentalism
UNIT 1: Progress of Agricultural Science and its impacts - Introduction to Biotechnology: History of fermentation development, Industrially important fermentation products (antibiotics, organic acids, alcohols, vitamins, amino acids (only one in each category is to be studied)) Production of low volume, high value fermentation products (insulin, growth hormones, recombinant vaccines, interferons)
UNIT 1: National policy of science and technology and changes in the policy from time to time, Technology
Missions.
1.Growth and structure of industries in AP; Factories, small and tiny sectors, their comparison, growth,
weaknesses and problems.
1.Historical background of land reforms and the change in laws from time to time – Intermediaries abolition, tenancy  reforms, ceilings on holdings and land issues in A.P.
1.The Satavahanas and their contribution – social structure – religious conditions – growth of literature and
painting – Ikshvakus and their cultural contribution – Growth of Buddhism in Andhra Pradesh – The Eastern
Chalukyas of Vengi and their importance – socio-cultural contribution – growth of Telugu language & Literature – education and learning – Religious Sects – growth of art and architecture.

Provision of equal rights in Indian Constitution

Discuss how the Constitution of India Provides equal rights.
The constitution of India provides equal rights:
The right to equality is an important fundamental right of the Indian Constitution. The Constitution provides equal rights through chapter-III of the Fundamental rights. Its main object is to protect the citizens against the discriminatory treatment by the state in the administrative, legislative spheres and to mitigate the cruder forms of the special inequality. The core of the provisions relating to equality is found in Article14, 15 & 16.
Article 14: To secure ‘equality before law’ and ‘equal protection of law’ to which only President and Governors are exceptions.
The expression ‘equality before law’ implies absence of any special privileges in favour of any person. The second expression ‘equal protection of law means that the same law shall apply to all who are similarly situated.
Article 15:  Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religions, race, sex etc.
Exceptions :
1.      Special provisions for women and children.
2.      Article 15(4) provides for special protections for groups of citizens who are economically and socially depressed.
Article 16 ensures equality of opportunities in public employment. However, special measures could be taken for the development of women, children and weaker sections of society.
Article 17 stands for abolition of unsociability in any form.
Article 18 stands for abolition of titles by the state except those related to military and educational spheres.
The Parliament of India also has enacted the untouchability (offences) Act, 1955 which has been renamed as the protection of civil Rights Act, 1955.

Breakdown of constitutional machinery

Discuss the meaning of “Breakdown of constitutional machinery”. What are its effects?

It means the breakdown of Constitutional government in a stake. This type of emergency may arise out of the presidential promulgation under Article356, due to failure of constitutional machinery in any state. If the president on the receipt of a report from a state Governor or Otherwise is satisfied that a situation has arise in a state which amounts to break down of Constitutional government in a state. He can proclaim a state of emergency. The procedure of promulgating such emergency is that it ceases to be effective after two months, unless it has been approved by both houses of parliament. It cannot be issued for more than six months at a time, but it can be extended every six months up to a maximum period of three years at a stretch, each extension being subject to the approval of the parliament.
The effects are mainly on:
Firstly, all functions of the state govt. excepting that of the State High Court are assumed by the President .Hence it is popularly known as the President’s rule.
Secondly, all powers of the State legislature are exercised by the Union Parliament.
Thirdly, the Parliament may also delegate these powers to the President.

Significance of preamble to a constitution.

What is the significance of a preamble to a constitution? Bring out the philosophy of the Indian Polity as enshrined in the preamble of the Indian Constitution.
Preamble
It is an introductory statement in speech or writing. It reflects the ideals and aspirations of Indian national movement. Justice, equality, fraternity and liberty are the core values of the preamble of the Indian constitution.
The philosophy of the Indian polity as enshrined in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution:
The preamble of the Indian constitution has much significance.
Firstly, the phrase “we the people of India” is a bold declaration of the popular sovereignty. This expression implies that the constitution of India is not an imposition upon the Indian people by any alien ruler or an enlightened despot. It is the people of India who are the makers of the constitution.
Secondly, it contains the philosophy of the objective resolution. It also specifies the source of authority, and the system of government etc.
Thirdly, preamble is non-justice able in a court of law. As a part of the constitution, it provides a key to unravel the minds of constitution makers. It declares the rights and freedom, which the people of India aim to secure and type of government and policy to be established. The preamble also christens India as a sovereign, socialist, secular democratic republic. The word republic upholds that the head of our state must be an elected president.
Lastly, the significance of the preamble is that it envisages the emotional integration in Indian polity, where it concludes with the expression “Fraternity assuring the dignity of the individual and unity and integrity of the nation.
                So, the preamble expresses the political, moral, economic and religious values which a constitution is committed to promote.