Saturday 28 July 2012

Indian Geography Bits


Industries
1st heavy textile industry in India
Fort Glaster near calcutta  in 1818.
1st Jute mill in India
Rishra near Calcutta in 1855.
1st modern Paper mill in India
Bali near Calcutta in 1870.
1st Iron & Steel industry in India
Asansol near Kuldi in 1875.
1st modern textile mill in India
Mumbai in 1854
1st wool industry in India
Kanpur in 1876
1st Sugar industry in India
Bihar in 1903
1st Paper industry in India is
Serampur in West Bengal in 1832
1st Glass industry in India is
Firozabad in 1941.
Oldest & biggest industry in India
Textile industry
Important centers of textile industry in India
Mumbai, Ahmadabad Sholapur, Nagpur, Coimbatore & Indore.
Growth of textile industry is mainly located in the states of
Maharashtra, Gujarat, West Bengal & Tamil nadu.
The biggest center of Textile industry is
Ahmedabad.
The industry which has highest number of employees is
Textile industry.
Textile mills are more in the State of
Gujarat
The state which ranks 1st in the production of textile products in southern India is
Tamilnadu
The Manchester of southern India is
Coimbatore
The state topped in the textile products is
Maharashtra
The city which is famous as Cotton police of India is
Mumbai
The State topped in wool products is
Punjab
The State topped in the  hand made Wool  products in cooperative sector is
Jammu & Kashmir
Growth of Wool industry is mainly located in the states of
Punjab, Maharashtra & Gujarat.
The main centers of wool industries in the country  are
Ludhiana, Dharivar, Amritsar, Mumbai, Kanpur, Mirzapur, Agra, Baroda, Jay nagar & Srinagar
The 1st silk industry in India was set up at
Howrah
The place of India in the production of Silk is
2nd Place
The State which ranks 1st in the production of silk in the country is
Karnataka
The Country which ranks 1st in the production of Jute is
India
The State which ranks 1st in the production of Jute is
West Bengal
Golden Fiber of India
Jute
The industry which earns highest Foreign Exchange to India is
Jute industry
The rank of India in the world Sugar cane production is
1st
The rank of India in the world Sugar production is
4th. After Cuba, Russia & Brazil.
After Textile industry, the largest organised industry is
Sugar industry
The State which ranks 1st in the Sugar Industries.
1st Uttar Pradesh, 2nd Maharashtra
The State which ranks 1st in the production of Sugar is
Uttar Pradesh.
According to Mahajan committee recommendations the distance between two sugar industries is
15 Kms(before it was 25Kms)
The harvested Sugarcane should reach the Sugar industry in
24 hours
The State which ranks 1st in the production of Vanaspathi                          ( Hydrogenated oil) is
Maharastra
The leather industry was highly developed in the State of
Tamilnadu
Growth of leather industry is mainly located in the states of
Tamilnadu, West Bengal & Uttar Pradesh.
The country which ranks 1st in the production of leather products is
India
In India News print was 1st  manufactured at
Nepa nagar Paper industry.
Nepanagar Paper industry was set up in
Madhya Pradesh in 1995.
Paper industry was highly developed in the State of
West Bengal
The State which ranks 1st in the production of Natural rubber is
Kerala
Rubber industry is located at
Hooghly & Mumbai.
Glass industry is concentrated in
Uttar Pradesh
Important centers of Glass industry are
Firozabad(UP) & Belgaum(Karnataka)
The main mineral based industry is
Iron & Steel industry
Tata Iron & Steel industry was established at
Jamshedpur in 1907.
Indian Iron & Steel industry was established at
Burnapur in 1919.
Mysore Steel works or Visveswaraiah Iron & Steel works was established at
Bhadravathi in 1923.
The oldest Iron & Steel Industry in India was
TISCO

Raw materials to TISCO

Iron Ore
1.    Gurumahsani Mines in Mayurbhunj of Orissa
2.    Nowmundi mines in Singbham Dist of Jharkhand.
Manganese
1.Joda mines in Kendujar mines of Orissa.
Coaking Coal
Gharia coal mines
Raw materials  to IISCO
Iron Ore
GHUVA mines
Electricity
Damodar valley corporation
Raw materials to Bhilai Iron & Steel Industry located in Chhattisgarh
( Collaboration with Soviet Union)
Iron Ore
Dhalli-Rajhora Mines
Electricity
Hirakud Hydro electric Project
Raw materials to Durgapur Iron & Steel Industry located in West Bengal (Collaboration with Britain)
Iron Ore
Bolani mines
Coal
GhariaMines
Electricity
Damodar valley corporation
Raw materials to Rourkela Iron & Steel Industry located in Orissa (Collaboration with West Germany)

Iron Ore

Sundergarh, Kiyonjahar mines
Coal
Gharia, Thatcher mines
Raw materials to Bokaro Iron & Steel Industry located in Jharkhand (Collaboration with Russia)


Iron Ore


Kiruburu Mines in Orissa
Raw materials to Visakhapatnam Iron & Steel Industry         (Collaboration with Russia)
Iron Ore

Durg mines (chattisgarh)
Coal
Gharia & Kharanpur mines
The biggest Iron & Steel industry in India is
Bokaro Iron & Steel industry.
The only one Iron & Steel industry under the control of State Govt
Visveswaraiah Iron & Steel Industry
The iron & Steel industries set up in the 4th Five year Plan were
1. Selam(Tamil nadu)
2. Visakhapatnam (A.P)
3. Vizianagaram (A.P)
The only industry that produces stainless steel is
Salem Iron & Steel industry
The management of Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur, Bokaro& Salem Iron & steel plants are under the control of
Steel Authority of India (SAIL)
SAIL was set up in the year
1973
Heavy Engineering Corporation Limited was set up in
Ranchi in 1958.
Praga Tools limited is in
Secunderabad
National Instrument limited is in
Calcutta
Bharat Heavy Plates & Vessels is in
Visakhapatnam
Hindustan Antibiotics is in
Pimpri (Pune) & Hrusikesh(U.P)
Hindustan Photo film manufacturing company is in
Ooty ,Tamilnadu
Hindustan Zinc Limited is in
Udaypur, Rajasthan
Artificial Organ manufacturing industry is in
Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
National mineral Development Corporation is in
Hyderabad
Central Electronics Research Institute is in
Dehradun
Center for cellular and Molecular Biology is in
Panaji, Goa
National Rice Research Institute is in
Cuttack
Central Laboratory is in
Calcutta
National Institute of Nutrition is in
Hyderabad
Forest Research Institute is in
Dehradun
High Altitude Research Laboratory is in
Gulmargh, Kashmir
All India Institute of Medical Sciences is in
New Delhi
National Institute of Genetics is in
Karnal
Central Tobacco Research Institute is in
Rajahmundry
Central Potato Research Institute is in
Shimla
National Metallurgical Laboratory is in
Jamshedpur
National Building Research Institute is in
Roorki
National Chemical Laboratory is in
Pune
Central Salt & Marine Research institute is in
Bhav nagar(Gujarat)
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute is in
Nagpur
National Newsprint & Papers limited is in
Nepanagar
Leading states in minerals
Mineral
1st
2nd
3rd
Iron
Karnataka
Orissa
Chhattisgarh
Manganese
Orissa
Maharashtra
Madhya Pradesh
Lead
Orissa
Bihar
Madhya Pradesh
Zinc
Rajasthan
Orissa

Bauxite
Orissa
Bihar
Jharkhand
Copper
Madhya Pradesh
Rajasthan

Salt
Gujarat
Maharashtra

Limestone
Madhya Pradesh
Rajasthan

Dolomite
Orissa
Chhattisgarh

Magnetite
Tamilnadu
Uttaranchal

Kayonite
Jharkhand
Maharashtra

Illimanite
Orissa
Kerala

Zipsum
Rajasthan
Tamilnadu

Phosphate
Rajasthan
Uttar Pradesh

Mica
Andhra Pradesh
Rajasthan

Sulphur
Tamilnadu


Sillyanite
Orissa
Kerala

Cromite
Orissa
Karnataka

Gold
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh

Silver
Rajasthan
Andhra Pradesh

Coal
Jharkhand
Chhattisgarh
Orissa
Petroleum
Maharashtra
Gujarat
Assom
Lignite
Tamilnadu
Rajasthan

Antimony
Punjab
Karnataka

Astephon
Andhra Pradesh
Rajasthan

Byrates
Andhra Pradesh
Maharashtra

Diamonds
Madhya Pradesh(Panna)


Granite
Tamilnadu
Karnataka

Tin
Bihar
Jharkhand

Graphite
Andhra Pradesh
Orissa

Nickel
Orissa
Bihar






1st
2nd
3rd
Textiles
Maharashtra
Gujarat
Tamilnadu
Woolen Textiles
Punjab
Uttar Pradesh
Maharashtra
Jute
West Bengal
Andhra Pradesh
Bihar
Silk
Karnataka
West Bengal
Orissa
Sugar
Maharashtra
Uttar Pradesh
Tamilnadu
Cattle leather
West Bengal
Tamilnadu

Goat leather
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal

Paper
West Bengal
Maharashtra
Andhra Pradesh
Match boxes
West Bengal
Tamilnadu

Cement
Andhra Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Rajasthan
Nitrogen Fertilizers
Gujarat
Uttar Pradesh

Phosphate Fertilizers
Gujarat
Tamilnadu

Glass
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal

Name of the Project
Location ON
State
Nagarjuna Sagar multipurpose Project
Krishna
Andhra Pradesh
Pochampad Irrigation Project
Godavari
Andhra Pradesh
Lower Sileru Hydro electric Project
Sileru(Godavari)
Andhra Pradesh
Tungabhadra multipurpose Project
Tungabhadra

Hirakud multipurpose Project
Mahanadi
Orissa
Bhakra-Nangal multipurpose Project
Sutlej
HP,PUNJAB & Haryana
Ramganga multipurpose Project
Chuisot Stream
Near Kalagarh
Uttarkhand
Damodar Valley multipurpose Project
Damodar
Jharkhand & WB
Matatilla multipurpose Project
Betwa
UP & MP
Sardar Sarowar multipurpose Project
Narmada
Gujarat & MP
Thein Dam multipurpose Project
Ravi
Punjab
Mayurakshi multipurpose Project
Mayurakshi
WB
Kakarpara Irrigation Project
Tapi
Gujarat
Tawa Irrigation Project
Tawa (Narmada)
MP
Upper Krishna Irrigation Project
Krishna
Karnataka
Mahanadi Irrigation Project
Mahanadi
Orissa
Ukal Irrigation Project
Tapi
Gujarat
Mahi Irrigation Project
Mahi
Gujarat
Farakka Irrigation Project
Ganga
WB
Lower Sileru Hydro Electric Project
Sileru(Godavari)
AP
Sabarigiri Hydro Electric Project
Pamba –Kakki
Kerala
Idukki Hydro Electric Project
Periyar,Cherutheni  & Idukki
Kerala
Koyna Hydro Electric Project
Koyna
Maharashtra
Sharavathi Hydro Electric Project
Sharavathi near Jog Falls
Karnataka
Kundah Hydro Electric Project
Kundah
Tamilnadu
Rihand scheme Hydro Electric Project
Rihand
UP
Dul Hasti Hydro Electric Project
Chenab
J & K
Salal Hydro Electric Project
Chenab
J & K
Beas Hydro Electric Project
BEAS
Punjab & Haryana
Rana Pratap Sagar Hydro Electric Project
Chambal
Rajasthan
Pallivasal Hydro Electric Project
Mundirapujha
Tamilnadu
Papanasam Hydro Electric Project
Tambiraparani
Tamilnadu
Loktak Hydro Electric Project
Lake Loktak
Manipur
Tehri Hydro Electric Project
Bhilangana
Uttarakhand
Kothagudem Thermal Power project

AP
Dhuvaran Thermal Power project

Gujarat
Korba Thermal Power project

Chhattisgarh
Satpura Thermal Power project

MP
NAGPUR Thermal Power project

Maharastra
Talcher Thermal Power project

Orissa
Neyveli Thermal Power project

Tamilnadu
Obra Thermal Power project

UP
Suratgarh Thermal Power project

Rajasthan



Crop
Temperature
Rainfall
Soil
Rice
20-35 degrees
About 100 cm
High clay content
Wheat
15-20 degrees
25-75 cms
Loam & clay
Maize
About 35 degrees
About 75 cm
Fertile alluvial & red soil
Bajra
25-30 degrees
About 45 cms
Sandy loams with good drainage
Jowar
20-32 degrees
About 30-100 cms
Well drained light soils
Sugarcane
25 degrees
100-150 cms
Well manured & heavy soils
Cotton
20-35 degrees
50-80  cms
Deep & medium black soil
Jute
25-35 degrees
100-200 cms
Rich delta & alluvial soils
Tea
24-35 degrees
Morethan 150 cms
Hill slopes with heavy precipitation
Coffee
24-35 degrees
More than 150cms
Hill slopes with heavy precipitation
Rubber
Around 35 degrees
More than 200 cms

Tobacco
15-40 degrees
Over 50 cms
Fertile soils












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