What are the strategies of
development, transfer and diffusion of technology in our country?
( Group-
I,2008)
A strong base of science
and engineering research provides a crucial foundation for a vibrant programme
of technology development. Priority will be placed on the development of
technologies which address the basic needs of the population; make Indian
industries - small, medium or large - globally competitive; make the country
economically strong; and address the security concerns of the nation. Special
emphasis will be placed on equity in development, so that the benefits of
technological growth reach the majority of the population, particularly the
disadvantaged sections, leading to an improved quality of life for every
citizen of the country. These aspects require technology foresight, which
involves not only forecasting and assessment of technologies but also their
social, economic and environmental consequences.
The growth rate in
productivity of the Indian economy has been below its true potential, and the
contribution to it of technological factors is inadequate. Similarly, Indian
exports today derive their comparative advantage through resource and labour
rather than through the power of technological innovation. The transformation
of new ideas into commercial successes is of vital importance to the nation's
ability to achieve high economic growth and global competitiveness.
Accordingly, special emphasis will be given not only to R&D and the
technological factors of innovation, but also to the other equally important
social, institutional and market factors needed for adoption, diffusion and
transfer of innovation to the productive sectors.
Intensive efforts will be
launched to develop innovative technologies of a breakthrough nature; and to
increase our share of high-tech products. Aggressive international
bench-marking will be carried out. Simultaneously, efforts will be made to
strengthen traditional industry so as to meet the new requirements of
competition through the use of appropriate science and technology. This
industry is particularly important as it provides employment at lower per
capita investment, involves low energy inputs, and carries with it unique
civilizational traditions and culture. Value addition, and creation of wealth
through reassessment, redistribution and repositioning of our intellectual,
capital and material resource will be achieved through effective use of science
and technology.
Deriving value from technology-led exports and export of technologies will be facilitated through new policy initiatives, incentives and legislation. This will include intensive networking of capabilities and facilities within the country.
Rigid Quality Standards,
and Accreditation of testing and calibration laboratories according to
international requirements, will be given an enhanced push to enable Indian
industry to avoid non-tariff barriers in global trade.
A comprehensive and
well-orchestrated programme relating to education, R&D and training in all
aspects of technology management will be launched. To begin with, Indian
Institutes of Management (IIMs), Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and
other selected institutions will be encouraged to initiate these programmes.
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