The story of Satavahanas was narrated
in Vishnu Purana.
Megasthanese mentioned that the Andhras
used to live in the towns.
The religion adopted by the Satavahanas
was Vedic religion.
The religion adopted by many queens of
the Satavahanas was Buddhist religion.
Many houses called Chaityams were built
by the queens of the Satavahanas kings for the Buddhist monks.
The associations that helped for the
development of trade during the Satavahana period were called as Guilds or
Srenulu.
The names of the feudatories during the
Satavahana period were Maharathi, Mahabhooja.
For administrative convenience,
Satavahana Empire was divided into Aharas.
The Aharas during the time of the
Satavahana were administrated by the officers called Amatyas.
During the time
of the Satavahanas the Aharas away from the capital were administered by the
military officers called Mahasenadhipathulu.
The Mantri Parishat during the
Satavahana Period extended its help to the king in the administration of the
kingdom.
The Royal employees who extended their
help in the administration of the empire during the Satavahana period were Visvamaatyalu,Rajaamatyulu,
Mahaamatyulu.
The Satavahana king used to consult
Visvaamatyulu in taking the important decisions.
The status of the Rajaamatyas was advisors
to the administration.
Mahaamatyas used to extend their help
to the king in the administration as Special Officers.
There are 5 or 10 villages in the
jurisdiction of Gramani.
The Sabha which is responsible for the
administration of the towns during the time of the Satavahanas was Nigama
Sabha.
The name of the Karshaka Pratinidhi
during the Satavahana period was Gaaha Pati.
The chief source of income during the
time of the Satavahanas was land revenue.
The king’s share in the produce raised
by a peasant was called Bhooga, Deeva meeya.
The duty (sistu) paid by the
professionals was called Kaarukara.
The official language of the
Satavahanas was Prakrit.
The language of the common people
during the period of Satavahanas was Desi Bhaasha.
Desi Bhaasha belongs to Dravidian
language family.
The copper coins issued during the
period of the Satavahanas were called as Karpanamulu.
During the Satavahana period the towns
were called as Nagaramulu or Nigamamulu.
During the Satavahana period, the
minimum administrative unit was Village(Gramam).
Copper and Iron metals are of a great
demand during the time of the Satavahanas.
With Roman empire, the Satavahana kings
used to conduct business activities for luxurious goods.
The kings who are prominent in history
as Mahapatha Nirmaatalu are Satavahanas.
Brihatpalayanas ruled the northern
region of Krishna River after Ikshvakus.
Kondamudi copper edict is the only
inscription, which tells about Brihatpalayanas.
Kondamudi copper edict mentioned about
Jayavarma.
The script of Kondamudi copper edict is
Prakrit.
According to Kondamudi edict, the
capital of Jayavarma is Koduru.
Jayavarma was the devotee of Lord
Shiva.
Koduru is the ancient name for the
present Guduru in Bandar taluque of Krishna district in Brihatpalayanas period.
According to the Nagarjunakonda
inscription, Brihatpalayanas were the feudatories of Ikshvakus.
Jayavarma’s religion is Vedic.
Eight Brahmins got the Pantur village
as a grant.
According to the Kondamudi copper
edict, Pallavas were responsible for the raise of Brahmanism and for the
downfall of Buddhism.
Salankayanas ruled the Krishna region
after Jayavarma.
The officer who stayed with Jayavarma
is Bhapa maha varma.
The titles of Bhapa maha varma were
Mahasenapati, Mahadandanayaka & Mahatalavara.
Dr. Jovo Dubre established the fact
that the present Gudur located near Machilipatnam is nothing but Koduru of
Brihatpalayana period.
Bhavaraju Krishna Rao told that the
present Koduru located near Ghantasala is nothing but Koduru of Brihatpalayana
period.
The ports Kantakasila, Koddura,
Allosigni as mentioned by Ptolemy belong to the period of Jayavarma.
Kondamudi copper edict was in Prakrit
language, but the seal and subject on that edict was in Sanskrit.
Haran is the name of the division of
the country of Brihatpalayanas.
Jayavarma issued Kondamudi inscription
during 10th year of his reign.
Salankayanas defeated Brihatpalayanas.
After the disintegration of the
Brihatpalayana dynasty Salankayana dynasty came to power.
The term Salankayana indicates the name
of the Clan.
Vijaya deva Varma was the founder of
Salankayana dynasty.
Vengipuram was the capital of Salankayanas.
The present name of Vengipuram is
Pedavegi.
Pedavegi is near Eluru in West Godavari
district.
At present 8 inscriptions are available
about Salankayanas, 3 are in Prakrit language and the remaining 5 are in
Sanskrit.
Chandavarma had the title of
‘PRATAPONATA SAMANTASYA’.
The great king among Salankayanas was
Hastivarma.
Emblem of Salankayanas was Bull.
Chitraratha Swamy was the family deity
of Salankayanas.
Chitraratha Swamy means Sun.
The contemporary Gupta ruler of
Hastivarma was Samudragupta.
Allahabad pillar inscription mentioned
about the Gupta King Samudragupta.
According to Allahabad Pillar
inscription, Hastivarma was defeated by Samudragupta.
Salankayanas declared themselves as
devotes of Bappa Bhattaraka.
Bappa Bhattaraka means “consideration
of father as God”.
Nandi Varma-II issued the Pedavegi
inscription, which mentioned about the grant of land to Vishnu.
Pedavegi
inscription is the 1st one to mention that there are
Vishnu temples in Andhra.
From the period of Salankayanas,
Sanskrit language acquired the place of official language instead of Prakrit.
Kolleru is the name of water body
located near Pedavegi.
In Ptolemy’s opinion, the people called
“salankaini” are located to the west of the river Godavari.
Vijaya deva Varma performed ‘Asvamedha’
and proclaimed independence to the Salankayana Kingdom.
MUNYADA’ mentioned in Eluru inscription
is a political employee.
Nandi Varma-II issued the Kolleru
inscription.
Buddhism lost its place in Andhra and
spread in east-west islands like Burma, siaon & Cambodia during the period
of Salankayanas.
Even though Salankayanas were
Paramaheswaras, Parama bhagavatas, they performed Asvamedha Yagas.
Buddha Palita, Bhava Viveka &
Acharya Dijnaga were the great Buddhist scholars in Andhra Pradesh during
Salankayanas.
Acharya Dijnaga belonged to the
religion Brahmanism.
Simhavaktapuram is the Birth Place of
Dijnaga.
At first, Acharya Dijnaga encouraged
Hinayanam branch of Buddhism.
With the influence of Vasubandu, Dijnaga
abandoned Hinayana and took Mahayana.
Kakati, Kakathya, Kaketha &
Kakarthya are the substitute words that appear in the inscription for Kakatiya.
Gummadi or Kushmanda in the meaning of
Kakati.
Kakatiyas were feudatories of Eastern
Chalukyas.
Gundyana was the founder of Kakatiyas.
Anamakonda or Ammakonda was the capital
of Kakatiyas in the beginning.
Orugallu was he capital of Kakatiyas.
Betha Raju was the Vamsakartha.
Gundyana was the father of Betharaju.
Betha Raju holds the title ‘Kakati
Puradhinatha’
Prola Raju was the son of Betharaju.
Kakatha Vallabha was the title of Prola
Raju.
Betha Raju-II was the son of Prola
Raju.
Vaijana Dandanatha was the minister of
Betha Raju-II.
Tribhuvana Malla & Mikrama Chakri are
the titles of Betha Raju-II.
Kazipet inscription states that Durga Nripathi
ascended the throne.
Betha Raju-II was the father of Prola
Raju-II.
Rajendra Choduni of Venati Choda killed
Prola Raju-II.
Bethanamathya, son of Vaijana
Dandanatha was the minister of Prola Raju-II.
Bethanamathya had patronized Jainism.
Mailamma, wife of Bethanamathya built
Jaina Basthi called Kadalyam on Anamakonda.
Prola Raju-II had built Swayambhu
Devalayam & Kesavalayam in Warangal fort.
Rudra Deva was the eldest son of Prola
Raju.
Rudra Deva ascended the throne in 1158
A.D.
Anamakonda inscription describes the
success stories of Rudra Deva.
Padmavathi was the name of the wife of
Rudra Deva.
Udayadithya of Telugu chola family was
the father of Padmavathi.
Kakati Rudra Deva helped Nalagama Raju
in the battle of Palanadu.
During Kakatiya period, the present
Pithapuram & Kakinada Talukas were called as Prolanadu.
In the year 1196 A.D, Rudra Deva fought
with Devagiri army.
Rudra Deva built the Thousand-Pillar
temple in Anumakonda.
Draksharama inscription narrates that
Rudra Deva as Vinaya Bhushan.
Mahadeva ascended the throne after
Rudra Deva.
Rudra Deva died while fighting with
Yadava king Jaitra Pala or Jaithugi.
Mahadeva was the father of Ganapathi
Deva.
Mailama & Kundambika were the
daughters of Mahadeva.
Mailama & kundambika married Nathavadi
king Rudra Raju.
Racharla Rudra had rescued the empire
when Ganapathi Deva was in prison.
Ganapathi Deva felicitated Malayala
Bhounda Senali with the title Eepwilutaka or Deeni Churakara for the victory in
Deeni Dweepa.
Naramba & Peramba were the wives of
Ganapathi Deva.
The ruler of Divi Dweepa Ayeyapina
Choza was the father of Naramba & Peramba.
Tikkana Somayaji was the author of
Nirvachanothara Ramayana.
Ganapathi Deva shifted the capital from
Anmakonda to Warangal in the year 1254.
Muthukur battle took place in the year
1263.
Rudramba & Ganapamba were the
daughters of Ganapathi Deva.
Rudramba married Veerabhadra of Eastern
Chalukyan dynsty.
Ganapamba married Bethana of Kota
dynasty.
Jayapa Senani wrote Nritha Ratnavali.
Prola Bheema Nayaka, minister of
Ganapathi Deva had the titles Aruvela Dushaka’, Suryavamsa Prathisthana Charya
& Kanchi Churakara.
Rudramba ascended the throne after
Ganapathi Deva in 1260.
The tourist of Venice who visited
Andhra Desa during Rudramamba’s reign was Marco Polo.
Kayastha King Janniga Deva was the
father of Amba Deva.
Tripuranthakam inscription narrated the
victorious achievements of Amba Deva.
Unduluri Annaya Deva, Poshkala
Mallayoya Preggada, King Ganapathi Deva & Gangi Deva were the important
Maha Pradhans of Rudramamba.
Ayyamma & Mummidamma were the
daughters of Rudramamba.
Induluri Aneya Deva was the husband of
Ayyamma.
Mahadeva Raju was the husband of
Mummidamma.
Mummidamma & Mahadeva Raju were the
parents of Pratapa Rudra.
Pratapa Rudra ascended the throne in
1296.
Marana was the author of Markandeya
Purana.
The Turkish Garshans Malik attacked
Devagiri & defeated Ramachandra Deva.
The army officer of Allaudin who
defeated Pratapa Rudra was Malik Caffer.
Musunuri Prolaya Nayaka’s inscription
states that the king Pratapa Rudra died jumping into the river Narmada.
The Muslim King Ulumkhan held Pratapa
Rudra as hostage.
Ferista declared that Krishna Nayaka
who attacked Muslims in 1336 was the son of Pratapa Rudra.
The collective name given to all
administration departments during Kakatiya rule was Bahathara Viyog.
Bahathara Viyogaduipathi holds supreme
authority over all the departments.
The name of the officials who enjoyed
land without any cess or tax during Kakatiya rule were Ayagarlu.
The number of Ayagarlu were 12. They
were 1) Karanam 2) Reddy 3) Talari 4) Purohith 5) Kammari 6) Kamsali 7)
Vadrangi 8) Kummari 9) Chakali 10) Mangali 11) Vetti & 12) Charmakara.
The official who levies taxes based on
the assessment given by Karanam was Pedakapu or Reddy.
Betha Raju-II built Setti, Kete &
Kesari Samudram.
The name of the cess levied on wet
lands was Koru.
The name of the cess levied on dry
lands was Putti Wahindi.
The name given to land cess is Adhi.
The name of farmers who pay taxes was
Arigapulu.
The name of the tax levied on grass was
Pullari.
During Kakatiya period the industries
were concentrated in Peda Ganjam,China Ganjam, Kada Kuduru, Chomperela,
Kanuparthi, Devarapalli & Pondorthi.
Jayapa Senani led the elephant force
during Ganapathi Deva period.
Bendapuda annayya was the chief of
elephant force during Pratapa Rudra period.
Sahini Kumara was the chief of infantry
during Pratapa Rudra period.
Basavanna founded Veera Shaivam at
Kalyani in 12th Century.
Sadbhana Sambhu founded Golagi Math.
The chief of Golagi Math who won
accolades from Ganapathi Deva was Visweswara Sivesikudu.
Palkuriki Somanatha was the author of
Basava Puranam & Panditaradhya Charitra.
Jaina Appana charya was the author of
Jinendra Kalyanabhyudayam.
Rudra, army officer of Ganapathi Deva
built Pakala Tank.
Racharla Rudra built Ramappa Tank.
The gold coins called Nishkam, Tankam
& Varaha were in currency during Kakatiya period.
Takavelli Mallikarju Bhattu wrote the
books Niroshtya Ramayana udaara Raghavam.
The founder of Reddy Kingdom was
Prolaya Vema Reddy.
Before the establishment of the Reddy
Kingdom, Prolaya Vema Reddy served in the court of Prataparudra.
Prolaya Vema Reddy founded the Reddy
Kingdom in the year 1324 A.D.
The Capital of Prolaya Vema Reddy was
Addanki.
From Anitalli Kaluva Cheru inscription,
we know that Prolaya Vema Reddy served in the court of Kapayanayaka.
The Motupalli port town was occupied by
Mallaya Reddy, the brother and commander of Prolaya Vema Reddy by defeating
Bahamani Sultan Hasan Gangu.
Errana, the last poet of ‘Kavitrayam’
was the court poet of Prolaya Vema Reddy.
The later part of the ARANYA Parvam of
Mahabharata was translated by Errana.
The Reddy King who built steps to Pathala
Ganga in Srisailam and to Ahobilam Konda was Prolaya Vema Reddy.
The Reddy King who had the title ‘Dharma
Pratishtana Nagarudu’ was Prolaya Vema Reddy.
The Reddy King who changed the capital from
Addanki to Kondaveedu was Anapota
Reddy.
Manyamapura inscription gives the
information about shifting of the capital from Addanki to Kondaveedu by Anapota reddy.
The Reddy King who had the title Mlecchabdhi Kumbodbhava was Prolaya Vema Reddy.
The literary work dedicated to
Prolaya Vema Reddy by Errana was Hari Vamsam.
Anapota
Reddy ruled the Reddy Kingdom after Prolaya Vema Reddy.
According to Mani Kesavara inscription, Prolaya Vema Reddy ruled the
reddy Kingdom up to 1353 A.D.
The titles of Errana are Sambhudasa
& Prabandha Parameswara.
The author of ‘Nrisimha Purana’ was
Errana.
From Mutnuri inscription, we know that
the construction of the steps to Pathala Ganga in Srisailam was completed in
1346 by Prolaya Vema reddy.
Anapota Reddy ruled the Reddy kingdom
from 1353 A.D TO 1364 A.D.
Anavema Reddy came to power after
Anapota Reddy.
The period of Anavema Reddy was
1364A.D- 1386 A.D.
Somaya, the minister
of Anapota Reddy issued ‘Abhaya syasana’ in Motupalli
for the development of trade.
Chennamanayaka was the Army
chief of Anavema Reddy.
Mamidi
Peddanamatya was the minister of Anavema Reddy.
Anavema
Reddy conquered Nidadavole and handed the seat of power to Choda Bhima.
The Reddy King who built ‘Veera siro mandapam’ in
Srisailam was Anavema Reddy.
Kumaragiri Reddy occupied the throne
after Anavema Reddy.
The author of Vishnupuranam was Vennalakanti
Suranna.
The famous dancer at the court of
Kumaragiri Reddy was Lakumadevi.
Kumaragiri Reddy has the title ‘Karpura
Vasanta Rayalu’.
The Reddy King who used to conduct
‘Vasantotsavas’ in the country was Kumaragiri Reddy.
The feudatory of Kondaveedu who
defeated the Army of Firoz Shah in 1396 A.D at Kambhammetta was Gajarao Tippa
rao.
Anavema Reddy was the great King among
Reddy Kings.
Anavema Reddy is very famous for his
charities among Reddy Kings.
The author of Haravilasam was Srinatha.
Srinatha dedicated Haravilasam to
Tippayya setti.
The author of Vasantarajeeyam was
Kumaragiri Reddy.
Kavisarvabhauma was the title of
Srinatha.
Kasikhandam, Bhimakhandam, Sivaratri
mahatyam, Srungara naishadham, Palnati Veera Charitra, Maruttarat Charitra
& Haravilasam were written by Srinatha.
Srinatha served as an educational
officer in the court of Pedakomati Vema Reddy.
Santhana Sagaram tank is in
Phirangipuram.
Surambika constructed the ‘Santhana
Sagaram’ tank.
Surambika was the queen of Pedakomati
Vema Reddy.
The author of ‘Santhana Sagaram’
inscription was Srinatha.
The Reddy king who had skill in music
was Pedakomati Vema Reddy.
Srinatha dedicated his Srungara
naishadham to Mamidi Singanna/ Madiki Singanna.
The ruler of Rajamahendravaram, who
patronized Srinatha, was Veera Bhadra Reddy.
Potana was the contemporary of
Pedakomati Vema Reddy.
Motupalli was the important port during
the period of Reddy Kings.
Srinatha defeated Dindima Bhattu, the
court poet of Devaraya-II of Vijayanagara Empire.
Devaraya-II honoured Srinatha with
‘Ganda Penderam’ & Kavisarvabhauma title.
The author of Sangita Chintamani &
Sahitya Chintamani was Pedakomati Vema Reddy.
Tippayya Setti was famous for overseas
trade during the time of Reddy Kings.
Vasanta Raju was the last Reddy King.
PedaKomati Vema Reddy was the author of
‘Srungara Deepika’ & Saptasati Charita’.
Bammera Potana was the author of
‘Narayana Satakam’, ‘andhra Bhagavatham’ & ‘Bogini Dandakam’.
Srinatha’s Haravilasam described about
the imports & exports during Reddy Kings.
Reddy Kings followed Shaivism in the
earlier days & later moved to vaishnavism.
Peda Komati Vema Reddy had the title
Sarvagna.
Kumaragiri Reddy was expert in Bharata
Natya. He wrote Vasantha Rajeeyam.
Kumara Giri Reddy’s brother-in-law
Kataya Vema Reddy wrote commentary called Kumara Giri Rajeeyam on Kalidasa’s
play.
Peda Komati Vema reddy was a great
poet. He wrote Sangeetha Chinta Mani, Sahitya Chintamani & Saptha Sathi
Saara Teeka.
Vamana Banu Bhattu, the court poet of
Peda Komati Vema Reddy wrote Kanaka Rekha Kalyanam, Usha Parinayam,
Raghunathabhyudayam, Hamsa Sandesam, Vema Bhupala Charitra & Sabda
Chandrika.
Naga Natha Kavi, who was in the court
of Anavothu wrote Madana Vilasa Banam.
Sarvagna Singana wrote Rasarjana
Sudhakaram, a play Ratna Panchalika & a commentary Sangeetha Sudhakaram.
Visweswara wrote Chamatkara Chandrika.
Daggupalli Dungana wrote Kanchi
Mahatyam.
SrigiriKavi wrote Navanatha Charitra.
Vinnakota Peddana Mathya wrote
Kavyalankara Chudamani.
Madiki Singana wrote Padma Puranam,
Dasama Skanda, Vasishta Ramayanam & Sakala Neethi Sammatham.
Srinatha dedicated Haravilasam to
Avachi Tippayya.
Pothana wrote veera Bhadra Vijayam with
the influence of Shaivism.
Following the impact of Vaishnavism
Pothana wrote Maha Bhagavatha.
Gona Budha Reddy wrote Ranganatha
Ramayana in couplets.
Pothana was the contemporor of
Srinatha.
Narayana Satakam was written by
Pothana.
Andhra State was formed on 1st October 1953.
The 1st Chief Minister of Andhra State was Tanguturi
Prakasam Panthulu.
The Chief Minister of Hyderabad at the time of formation of Andhra
Pradesh in 1956 was Burgula Rama Krishna Rao.
The chief minister of Andhra State after the midterm elections in
1955 was Bejawada Gopala Reddy.
The chief minister of Andhra Pradesh at the time of formation 90
member Legislative in 1958 was Nilam Sanjiva Reddy.
The 1st state formed on the basis of States reorganizing
ordinances is Andhra Pradesh.
The 1st Finance Minister of Andhra Pradesh was Bejawada
Gopala Krishna.
Telangana Regional Union was formed in 1958.
The 1st president of Telangana Regional Union was
K.Achyuta Reddy.
The chief minister to introduce press bill which curtailed press
freedom in 1967 was Kasu Brahmanda Reddy.
The chief Minister to nationalize Bus routes of A.P in 1962 was
Sanjiv Reddy.
The President of Swatantra Party formed in Andhra Pradesh in June
1959 was N.G.Ranga.
The 1st Convener of Telangana Praja Samithi was Madan
Mohan.
The Mulki conditions were introduced in Telangana in 1888.
The Prime Minister who laid foundation stone for the Visakha steel
Plant on 20th January 1971 was Indira Gandhi.
The chief Minister who repeals the tradition of filling jobs with
O.C candidates when no eligible candidates were available for the posts
reserved for S.C and S.Ts was Damodaram Sanjivaiah.
President’s rule continued in Andhra Pradesh between the periods 18th
January 1973 to 10th December 1973.
The news papers which opposed the separatist agitations in Andhra
region were Visalandhra and Jamin Rythu.
The Union Govt approved the 33rd Constitutional amendment
bill for six point formula as an Act on 18th December 1973.
Sri H.C.Sharin has worked as the advisory to the Governor during the
Presidents Rule in A.P.
Nilam Sanjiva reddy was the
only Janata Party candidate to win only one parliamentary seat in 1977 Lok
Sabha election in which Congress party won 41 out of 42 seats.
Indira Gandhi has imposed nation wide emergency on 25th
July 1975.
The name of the party formed by Indira Gandhi by splitting the
Indian National Congress on 1st January 1978 was Indian National
Congress(I)
N.T.Rama Rao formed the Telugu Desam Party on 29th May
1982.
N.T.Rama Rao was sworn in as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh on 9th
January 1983 at Lal Bahadur Stadium.
The party formed by Sri Marri Chenna Reddy on 26th
February 1984 was National Democratic Party (NDP).
The president of Telangana Praja Samithi was Marri Chenna Reddy.
The Democratic Telugu Desam party was formed by Nadendla Bhaskara
Rao.
The governor who dismissed the N.T.R.’s Government was Ramlal.
N.T.Rama Rao has made the State assembly to approve a resolution of
repealing legislative Council on 1st June 1985.
N.T.R formed 1104 Mandals after becoming C.M for the 3rd
time by repealing Talukas and Firkas in the districts.
N.T.R. government has installed a 68 feet Buddha Statue in Husain
Sagar of Hyderabad in 1985.
N.T.R sworn in as chief Minister of the A.P on 12th December
1994 for the 4th Time.
Chandra Babu Naidu was sworn in as the 11th Chief Minister
of A.P. on 1st September 1995.
The chief Minister who took steps for the formation of SMART was
Chandra Babu Naidu.
Chandra Babu Naidu government formulated ‘Swarnandhra Pradesh and
Vision-2020’ in 1998.
The states formed on the basis of linguistitic basis were Andhra
Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra and Gujarat.
N.T.Rama Rao worked as the C.M. of the A.P for 7 years 5 months and
28 days.
The Transport minister during the nationalization of Buses in 1962
was Pattabhi Rama Rao.
Sri Venkateshwara Universiry was founded in Tirupathi in 1954.
Anantha Raman committee was appointed to observe the conditions of
backward classes.
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